簡介：

暖通空調(diào)是具有采暖、通風(fēng)和空氣調(diào)節(jié)功能的空調(diào)器。由于暖通空調(diào)的主要功能包括：采暖、通風(fēng)和空氣調(diào)節(jié)這三個(gè)方面，縮寫HVAC(Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning)，取這三個(gè)功能的綜合簡稱，即為暖通空調(diào)。

在現(xiàn)代的建筑中，上述機(jī)能（包括其控制系統(tǒng)，及系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)及安裝）會整合在一個(gè)或多個(gè)的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中。針對小型的建筑，承包商會直接依需求選擇暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)及設(shè)備。若是大型的建筑，會由建筑設(shè)計(jì)者及機(jī)械、結(jié)構(gòu)等工程師共同分析、設(shè)計(jì)并選定暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，再由專業(yè)的機(jī)械承包商來安裝。

暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)根本的目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)對環(huán)境溫度的調(diào)控，以滿足人們對環(huán)境舒適度以及一些工藝性的要求。

在早期的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中，一般采用定流量水力系統(tǒng)，通過對末端設(shè)備風(fēng)量的分檔控制來實(shí)現(xiàn)對目標(biāo)區(qū)域環(huán)境溫度的調(diào)節(jié)，如采用三速開關(guān)調(diào)節(jié)風(fēng)機(jī)盤管風(fēng)量以及通過變風(fēng)量空調(diào)箱進(jìn)行風(fēng)量調(diào)節(jié)等。這種調(diào)節(jié)是簡單、粗略以及分散式的，且在系統(tǒng)初調(diào)試合格后不需再對水力系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。

隨著人們對環(huán)境舒適度的要求以及節(jié)能意識的不斷提高，這種調(diào)節(jié)已經(jīng)不能滿足要求。于是人們開始采用變流量水力系統(tǒng)以及變風(fēng)量系統(tǒng)，通過電動調(diào)節(jié)閥或風(fēng)閥執(zhí)行器對系統(tǒng)的水量或風(fēng)量進(jìn)行連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié)來實(shí)現(xiàn)對環(huán)境溫度的精確控制。

電動調(diào)節(jié)閥既可以通過與各種傳感器、變送器以及控制器相連組成分散式的控制系統(tǒng)，也可以與樓宇控制系統(tǒng)相連組成分散控制、集中管理的中央控制系統(tǒng)，從而大大地提高了系統(tǒng)對環(huán)境溫度調(diào)控的能力。

但是在一些系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷波動較大的變流量系統(tǒng)中，由于多臺電動調(diào)節(jié)閥同時(shí)工作，任何一臺電動調(diào)節(jié)閥工作狀態(tài)的改變都會對其它的電動調(diào)節(jié)閥產(chǎn)生影響，而電動調(diào)節(jié)閥本身的抗干擾能力又比較差，從而造成了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定，對環(huán)境溫度的調(diào)控能力下降，調(diào)節(jié)精度降低。

因此在目前的一些大型變流量中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)中，一種具有較強(qiáng)抗干擾能力的新型調(diào)節(jié)閥—?jiǎng)討B(tài)平衡電動閥得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。

同時(shí)，一種全新的全面平衡水力系統(tǒng)，也因其高效、穩(wěn)定和節(jié)能而被越來越多的大型變流量水系統(tǒng)所采用。

HVAC is an air conditioner with heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Since the main functions of HVAC include: heating, ventilation and air conditioning, the abbreviation HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning), the comprehensive abbreviation of these three functions, namely HVAC.

In modern buildings, these functions (including their control systems and system design and installation) are integrated into one or more HVAC systems. For small buildings, the contractor will select the HVAC system and equipment directly according to the needs. In the case of large-scale buildings, the architects and engineers, mechanical and structural engineers will analyze, design and select the HVAC system, which will be installed by professional mechanical contractors.

The most fundamental goal of HVAC systems is to achieve environmental temperature control to meet environmental comfort and some process requirements.

In the early HVAC system, a constant-flow hydraulic system was generally used to adjust the ambient temperature of the target area by controlling the air volume of the end equipment. For example, a three-speed switch was used to adjust the fan coil air volume and pass The variable air volume air conditioner performs air volume adjustment and the like. This adjustment is simple, coarse and decentralized, and there is no need to adjust the hydraulic system after the initial commissioning of the system.

As people's demands for environmental comfort and awareness of energy conservation continue to increase, this adjustment is no longer sufficient. Therefore, people began to use variable flow hydraulic system and variable air volume system, through the electric control valve or damper actuator to continuously adjust the water volume or air volume of the system to achieve precise control of the ambient temperature.

The electric control valve can be connected to various sensors, transmitters and controllers to form a decentralized control system, or it can be connected with the building control system to form a central control system with decentralized control and centralized management, thus greatly improving The ability of the system to regulate the ambient temperature.

But in some variable flow systems with large fluctuations in system load, since multiple electric regulating valves work at the same time, the change of working state of any one electric regulating valve will affect other electric regulating valves, and the electric regulating valve The anti-interference ability of the system itself is relatively poor, which causes the whole system to be unstable, the ability to regulate the ambient temperature is lowered, and the adjustment precision is lowered.

Therefore, in some large-scale variable-flow central air-conditioning water systems, a new type of regulating valve with strong anti-interference ability-dynamic balancing electric valve has been widely used.

At the same time, a new fully balanced hydraulic system is also being adopted by more and more large variable flow water systems due to its efficiency, stability and energy efficiency.

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